Indoor imitation experimental study on driving factors of rainfall-runoff process     

ZHANG Shifeng  LIU Changming  XIA Jun  TAN Ge  LI Lin  LIU Caitang  ZHOU Changqing & GUO Lei . Institute of Geographic Sciences  Natural Resources Research  Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing  China  . College of Water Resources  Hydropower Engineering  Wuhan University  Wuhan  China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(3):417-428

The driving actions are varied during the rain-fall-runoff process in a catchment. The impacts on therunoff process, caused by human activities or climatechange, can be attributed to two aspects: the charac-teristics of rainfall process and ground pad changes.To clarify their impacts on hydrological cycle is thefoundation of mechanism research of scientific hy-drology. So far, all of the research results, domestic andabroad, indicate that the advances on the understand-ing of hydrologica…  相似文献   

Farming and forestry land use changes in China and their driving forces from 1900 to 1980   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

GE Quansheng & DAI Junhu Institute of Geographic Sciences  Natural Resources Research  Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing  China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(10)

As the joint project of IGBP (International Geo-sphere-Biosphere Programme) and IHDP (Interna-tional Human Dimensions Programme on Global En-vironmental Change), LUCC (Land Use/Land Cover Change) has been the focus of geographic studies, not only because it is one of the main contents of global environmental change studies, the linkage between physical and human sciences[1], but also because it has a close relationship with some elements’ cycles inside terrestrial ecosystem, such as…  相似文献   

伊洛河流域森林景观变化驱动因素   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

梁国付  丁圣彦 《地理学报(英文版)》2006,16(4):415-422

1 Introduction Landscapes are the outcome of the interaction between socio-economic and natural forces (Wrbka et al., 2004). During the evolution of cultural landscapes throughout the world, human activities have become dominant factors shaping most lands…  相似文献   

Driving factors of forest landscape change in Yiluo River basin     

LIANG Guofu  DING Shengyan 《地理学报》2006,16(4):415-422

The expansion of agriculture is posited as one of the main dynamics of forest landscape change globally, and the robust modeling of these processes is important for policy as well as academic concern. This paper concerns a relatively small area of Yiluo River catchment where considerable attention has been paid to slow down the process of the expansion of agriculture into the remaining natural forests. In the present study, we reconstructed the former forest landscape structure and elucidated the landscape change during a period of about 15 years. Three sets (1987, 1996 and 2002) of maps derived from Landsat-5 images were used for analyses. The result showed that there was a decrease in the area of the forest landscape from 995.60 km2 in 1987 to 650.50 km2 in 2002. Then we examined the degree to which forest landscape conversion could be attributed to a set of factors identified as significant at broader scales, namely topography, distribution of the village clusters (centroids), distance from villages (centroids), and distance from forest edge (1987). By using “spatial analysis” in Arc/gis 8.3, the correlation between forest landscape change and driving factors was constructed. This study found that forest landscape conversion in this region was largely explained by elevation, slope and proximity to village.  相似文献   

The causes of land landscape changes in semi-arid area of Northwest China: a case study of Yulin city     

GUO Liying  REN Zhiyuan  LIU Yansui 《地理学报》2006,16(2):192-198

Rapid land landscape change has taken place in many arid and semi-arid regions such as the vulnerable ecological area over the last decade. In this paper, we quantified land landscape change of Yulin in this area between 1985 and 2000 using remote sensing and GIS. It was found that fallow landscape decreased by 125,148 hm2 while grassland and woodland increased by 107,975 hm2 and 17,157 hm2, respectively. The major factors responsible for these changes are identified as the change in the government policy on preserving the environment, continued growth in mining, and urbanization. The efforts in restoring the deteriorated ecosystem have reaped certain benefits in reducing the spatial extent of sandy land through replacement by non-irrigated farmland, woodland and grassland. On the other hand, continued expansion of mining industry and urbanization has exerted adverse impacts on the land landscape. At present regional economic development conflicts directly with the protection of the natural environment. Such a conflict has caused the destruction to the land resources and fragmentation of the landscape accompanied by land desertification, the case is even serious in some localities.  相似文献   

RS和GIS支持下的秦皇岛地区生态系统健康评价   总被引：14，自引：5，他引：14  

刘明华  董贵华 《地理研究》2006,25(5):930-938

健康的生态系统为实现区域可持续发展提供了基础。采用生态系统健康的理论和方法对区域生态系统健康评价,将对强化生态环境管理和实现可持续发展具有显著的理论和实践意义。本文在RS和GIS支持下,利用多源、多时相遥感影像数据,以小流域为评价单元,初步建立了秦皇岛地区生态系统健康评价的压力-状态-响应概念框架的指标体系和评价模型,并利用现代数学分析方法对生态系统健康状态的变化进行驱动力分析。  相似文献   

青藏高原与大陆动力学——地体拼合、碰撞造山及高原隆升的深部驱动力   总被引：48，自引：5，他引：48       下载免费PDF全文

许志琴杨经绥  李海兵张建新  曾令森姜 枚 《中国地质》2006,33(2):221-238

运用地体和地体活动论观点,提出青藏高原结构划分的新方案;强调青藏高原的形成经历了新元古代以来长期活动的过程,青藏高原是一个“非原地”诸多地体会聚、拼合以及经历复合碰撞造山的“造山的高原”;大型走滑断裂在青藏高原形成中起着地体相对位移、侧向挤出、移置及使高原几何形态扭曲的作用。提出青藏高原隆升的“南缘超深俯冲(>600km)、北缘陆内俯冲、腹地深部热结构及岩石圈范围内的向NE右旋隆升”的多元驱动力机制。  相似文献   

预制桩施工的振动影响分析     

周青春  李海波  李晓斌  刘博  李俊如 《岩土力学》2006,27(5):754-748

动力打桩过程中，地面质点的振动可能引起地面建筑物和构筑物的损坏。通过对电厂工程的试桩施工的全程监测，建立了桩尖入土深度与地面质点振动关系曲线，揭示了桩尖土的特性是控制地面振动的主要因素。地面的振动与波的特征有关，因而近场和远场有不同的衰减规律，即近场振动衰减快，远场衰减慢。动力打桩过程中，由于土层的振源在桩尖处，且由浅到深，通过远场在被保护对象附近设置减振沟是一项有效的减振措施。  相似文献   

旅游客流对比分析与驱动力研究--以湖北省为例   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

魏卫  陈雪钧 《世界地理研究》2004,13(2):83-89

旅游客流作为旅游产业链的基础，其重要性日益突出，因此旅游客流驱动模式研究已成为旅游界研究的一个新热点。本文以湖北省为例，通过对湖北旅游客流统计资料的科学分析，总结出客流系统的规律性特征并归纳出其客流驱动模式为资源驱动型，并分析了资源驱动型客流模式存在的问题，在此基础上探讨与构建一种系统性的客流驱动优化模式——客流综合驱动模式，以促进旅游产业良性循环。  相似文献   

LUCC驱动力模型研究综述   总被引：30，自引：2，他引：30  

蔺卿  罗格平  陈曦 《地理科学进展》2005,24(5):79-87

驱动力研究是土地利用变化研究中的核心问题。土地利用变化驱动力模型是分析土地利用变化原因和结果的有力工具，模型通过情景分析可为土地利用规划与决策提供依据。基于不同理论的驱动力研究方法很多，论文选取了几种国内外应用较多的LUCC驱动力模型进行综述，分析了每个模型的优缺点及适用范围，最后得出结论：1) 基于过程的动态模型更适于研究复杂的土地利用系统。2) 基于经验的统计模型能弥补基于过程的动态模型的不足。3) 基于不同学科背景的模型进一步集成将是LUCC驱动力模型未来的发展趋势。  相似文献